Table 4 Experimental setup and data processing
Author, Year, country | Number of participants Total (women/men) | MRI setup | MRE setup | Frequency (Hz) | Positioning | ROI, Slice Orientation | Inversion Algorithm | Shear stiffness (kPa ± standardeviation) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervertebral disc | |||||||||
Streitberger, 2015, Germany | 16 (3/13) | 1.5T SE-EPI sequence | Custom LS-R | 50,55,60,65, 70 (60 mean) | NA | Manual Axial | MEDV | 6.51 ± 1.27 (PF 1) 5.29 ± 0.95 (PF 2) 4.03 ± 0.99 (PF 3) | L3/L4: 5.46 ± 1.14 L4/L5: 6.71 ± 1.51 |
Walter, 2017, USA | 47 (17/30) | 3T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 80 | Supine | Custom algorithm Axial | PFA | 12.5 ± 1.3 (PF 1) 13.93 ± 2.12 (PF 2) 14.25 ± 2.17 (PF 3) | L3/L4: 14.66 ± 2.03 L4/L5: 14.32 ± 2.32 |
Co, 2022, USA | 28 (13/15) | 3T GE and SE-EPI sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 80 | Supine | Manual 2D: Axial 3D: NA | PFA | 2D GE: 22.2 ± 1.7 SE-EPI: 18.9 ± 1.9 | 3D GE: 21.5 ± 1.5 SE-EPI: 18.3 ± 1.8 |
Paraspinal muscles | |||||||||
Creze, 2018, France | 7 (4/3) | 1.5T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 100 | Supine | Manual Coronal | NA | 1.60 ± 0.14 | |
Wang, 2019, Taiwan | 66 (31/35) | 3T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 120 | Prone | Manual Coronal | NA | 7.03 ± 1.00 | |
Hsieh, 2022, Taiwan | 80 (40/40) | 1.5T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 100 | Prone | Manual Axial | LFE | 2.01 ± 0.38 | |
Chevalier, 2023, France | 17 (11/6) | 1.5T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 100 | Supine | Manual Coronal | NA | Multifidus: 1.60 ± 0.36 Erector Spinae: 1.59 ± 0.20 | |
Psoas Major | |||||||||
Numano, 2015, Japan | 3 males | 3T GE-sequence | Custom LS-P | 50 | NA | NA Axial | LFE | 2.33 ± 1.12 | |
Numano, 2019, Japan | 7 males | 3T GE-sequence | Custom LS-P | 50 | Supine | NA Axial | LFE | 1.69 | |
Habe, 2021, Japan | 9 males | 3T GE-sequence | Custom LS-P | 50 | Supine | Manual Axial | LFE | 0.94 ± 0.09 | |
Habe, 2022, Japan | 9 males | 3T GE-sequence | Custom LS-P | 50 | NA | NA Axial | LFE | 1.07 ± 0.16 | |
Hsieh, 2022, Taiwan | 80 (40/40) | 1.5T GE-sequence | Resoundant LS-P | 100 | Prone | Manual Axial | LFE | 1.60+-0.32 | |