Fig. 4

Forest plots of pooled sensitivity and specificity (Exclude Huang Yuhao2). This updated forest plot presents the sensitivity and specificity data for the included studies after excluding outliers that significantly contributed to high heterogeneity. After excluding data that significantly contributed to high heterogeneity, the analysis revealed reduced heterogeneity, with the final pooled sensitivity and specificity estimates being 0.94 and 0.99, respectively