Fig. 3

Definition of Cerebral Vessels Morphology Features. (1) Cerebral Vessels Density: Ratio of segmented intracranial arterial volume (derived from CTA) to total brain volume. (2) Vessel Radius: Distance from the vessel centerline to the outermost boundary. Average radius is computed as the mean value across all centerline points. (3) Vessel Tortuosity: Ratio of the shortest path length to the actual vessel length. (4) Branch Number: Total count of bifurcation points in the vascular network. Note: CTA = Computed Tomography Angiography. Schematic diagram created by the authors to illustrate morphological feature definitions and do not represent specific patient data